Through the use of different media, including photography, video, performance, installation and digital media, Cao Fei highlights the profound changes in contemporary society which took place following the Cultural Revolution in China, focusing in particular on the expectations, frustrations, dreams and fantasies of the younger generations. Starting from the imagination of pop culture and youth subcultures, Fei reflects on the phenomena of alienation and escape from reality, which is thus engaged in a close relationship with the realm of the virtual. In line with these interests, body and technology, dream and material world, personal and collective dynamics represent the fabric of Fei’s thorough investigation of the present. Whose Utopia is a series of videos made by the artist between 2005 and 2006, consisting of three separate chapters: Imagination of Product, Factory Fairytale and My Future is Not a Dream. The difficult working conditions in factories is for Fei the starting point to explore the two main elements of this specific alienated environment: the machines and the human presence. The creation of the products on which the global capitalistic system is based therefore goes from being the fascinating focus of the first video to the alienating environment of the second, the frame and background of a series of actions and dance steps performed by performers-workers. At the end, the workers turn directly to the camera and thus to the exhibition viewers, in a silent exchange of glances, in a delicate non-verbal communication of feelings and anxieties, desires and concerns, hopes and disillusions.